| 1. |
Schildkraut JJ. The catecholamine hypothesis of
affective disorders: areview of supporting evidence. Am J Psychiatry
1965; 22:509-22. |
| 2. |
Bunney WE, Davis JM. Norepinephrine in depressive reactions a
review. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1965;13:483-94. |
| 3. |
Coppen A. The biochemistry of affective disorders. Br J Psychiatry
1967;113:1237-64. |
| 4. |
Lapin JP, Oxenkrug GF. Intensification of the central serotonergic
processes as a posible determinant of the thymoleptic effect. Lancet
1969;1:132-6. |
| 5. |
Siever LJ, Davis KL. Overview: toward a dysregulation hypothesis of
depression. Am J Psychiatry 1985;142:1017-31. |
| 6a. |
Silver JM, Yudofsky SC, Hurowitz G. Psicofarmacología y
terapia electroconvulsiva título del capítulo. En: Hales
RE, Yudofsky SC, Talbott JA. Tratado de psiquiatría. Barcelona:
Ancora; 1996. p. 947-1057. |
| 6b. |
Hyman SE, Coyle JT. Neurociencia y psiquiatría. En: Hales
RE, Yudofsky SC, Talbott JA. Tratado de psiquiatría. Barcelona:
Ancora; 1996. p. 3-36. |
| 7. |
Carli M, Anand-Srivastava MB, Molina-holgado E, Dewar KM, Reader
TA. Effects of chronic lithium treatments on central dopaminergic
receptor systems: G proteins as possible targets. Neurochem Int
1994;24(1):13-22. |
| 8. |
Pérez-Solà V, Pérez-Blanco J. Etiopatogenia:
fisiopatología. En: Vieta E, Gastó C. Trastornos
bipolares. Barcelona: Springer; 1997. p. 73-117. |
| 9. |
Manji HK, Chen G, Shimon H, Hsiao IK, Potter WZ, Belmaker RH.
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein in bipolar affective disorder.
Effects of long-term lithium treatment. Arch Gen Paychiatry
1995;52:135-44. |
| 10. |
Manji HK, Potter WZ, Lenox RH. Signal transduction pathways.
Molecular targets for lithium´s actions. Arch Gen Psychiatry
1995;52:531-43. |
| 11. |
Greenwood AF, Jope RS. Brain G-protein proteolysis by calpain:
enhancement by lithium. Brain Res 1994;636:320-6. |
| 12. |
Dixon JF, Los GV, Hokin Le. Lithium stimulates glutamate "release"
and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate accumulation via activartion of the
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in monkey and mouse cerebral cortex
slices. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994;91:8358-62. |
| 13. |
Florez J, Armijo JA, Mediavilla A. Farmacología humana.
Pamplona: Eunsa; 1989. |
| 14. |
Berridge MJ. Inositol trisphosphate and calcium signalling. Nature
1993;361:315-25. |
| 15. |
Rang HP, Dale MM. Farmacología. Alhambra Longman; 1992. |
| 16. |
Kofman O Belmaker RH. Biochemical, behavioral and clinical studies
of the role of inositol in lithium treatment and depression. Biolog
Psychiatry 1993;34:839. |
| 17a. |
Conde VJM. Mecanismo de Acción de los Fármacos
Psicotrópicos. Real Academia de Medicina y Cirugía de
Valladolid 1995 Nov:150-3. |
| 17b. |
Velasco A. Mecanismo de Acción de los Fármacos
Psicotrópicos. Real Academia de Medicina y Cirugía de
Valladolid 1995 Nov:50-57 y 127. |
| 18. |
Manji HK. Regulation of transmebrane sygnaling system. Abstracts X
World Congress of psychiatry; 1996 Aug 23-28; Madrid, Spain. S-225-5. |
| 19. |
Lehninger AL, Nelson DL, Cox MM. Principios de bioquímica.
Barcelona: Omega; 1993. |
| 20. |
Li R, Wing LL, Wyatt RJ, Kirch DG. Effects of haloperidol, lithium,
and valproate on phosphoinositide turnover in rat brain. Pharmacol
Biocem Behav 1993;46:323-9. |
| 21. |
Hyman SE, Nestler EJ. Neurobiología molecular básica.
En: Kaplan HI; Sadock BJ. Tratado de psiquiatría (VI), Buenos
Aires: Inter-Médica; 1997. p.124-131. |
| 22. |
Nestler EJ, Hyman SE. Vías intraneuronales. En: Kaplan HI,
Sadock BJ. Tratado de psiquiatría (VI), Buenos Aires: Inter-Médica;
1997. p. 49-59. |
| 23. |
Atack JR, Broughton HB, Pollack SJ. Structure and mechanism of
inositol monophosphatase. FEBS Lett 1995;361:1-7. |
| 24. |
Pollack SJ, Iversen LL, Broughton HB. Mechanism of inositol
monophosphatase, the putative targen of lithium therapy. Proc Natl Acad
Sci USA 1994;91:5766-70. |
| 25. |
Bevilacqua JA, Downes CP, Lowenstein PR. Visualization of
agonist-stimulated inositol phospholipid turnover in individual neurons
of the rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Neuroscience 1994;60:945-58. |
| 26. |
Jenkinson S, Nahoski SR, Challiss RA. Disruption by lithium of
phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate supply and inositol 1,4,5
trisphosphate generation in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing human
recombinant m1 muscarinic receptors. Mol Pharmacol 1994;46:1138-48. |
| 27. |
Lenox RH, Watson DG. Lithium and the brain: a psychopharmacological
strategy to a molecular basis for manic depressive illness. Clin Chem
1994;40:309-14. |
| 28. |
Atack JR, Prior AM, Griffith D, Ragan CI. Characterization of the
effects of lithium on phosphatidylinositol (PI) cycle activity in human
muscarinic m1 receptor-transfected CHO cells. Br J Pharmacol
1993;110:809-15. |
| 29. |
Vadnal R, Parthasarathy R. Myo-inositol monophosphatase: diverse
effects of lithium, carbamazepine, and valproate.
Neuropsychopharmacology 1995;12:277. |
| 30. |
Parthasarathy L, Parthasarathy R, Shyamaladevi CS. Biochemical and
molecular properties of lithium-sensitive myo-inositol monophosphatase.
Life Sci 1994;54:1127. |
| 31. |
Benjamin J, Agam G, Levine J, Bersudsky Y, Kofman O, Belmaker RH.
Inositol treatment in psychiatry. Psychopharmacol Bull 1995;31:167-75. |
| 32. |
Sarri E, PicatosteF, Claro E. Neurotransmitter-specific profiles of
inositol phosphates in rat brain cortex: relation to the mode of
receptor activation of phosphoinositide phospholipase C. J Pharmacol Exp
Ther 1995;272:77-84. |
| 33. |
Evans MS, Zorumsky CF, Clifford DB. Lithium enhances neuronal
muscarinic excitation by presynaptic facilitation. Neuroscience
1990;38:457-68. |
| 34. |
Lenox RH, Watson D, McNamara R. A putative molecular target in the
brain for the long action of lithium and valproate. Abstracts X World
Congress of psychiatry; 1996 Aug 23-28; Madrid, Spain. S-225-1 |
| 36. |
Manji HK, Lenox RH. Long-term action of lithium: a role for
transcriptional and posttranscripctional factors regulated by protein
kinase C. Synapse 1994;16:11-28. |
| 37. |
Mork A, Geisler A. Effects of cronic lithium treatment on
agonist-enhanced extracellular concentrations of cyclic AMP in the
dorsal hippocampus of freely moving rats. J Neurochem 1995;65:134-9. |
| 38. |
Post RM, Weiss SRB, Chuang D. Mechanism of action of anticovulsants
in affective disorders: Comparisons with Lithium. J Clin Psychopharmacol
1992;12:23S-35S. |
| 39. |
Becerra A. Acciones biomédicas del litio: controversias
actuales y posibilidades terapeúticas. Med Clín
(Barc).1994;103:708-14. |
| 40. |
Ebstein RP, Bennett ER, Sholan S, Sokoloff M. Lithium regulation of
G protein mRNA levels in PC12 and GH3 cells ç: theoretical
implications for gene therapy in bipolar illness. Gene Ther 1994;1:S86. |
| 41. |
El-Mallakh RS, Li R. Is the Na+-K+-ATPase the link between
phosphoinositide metabolism and bipolar disorder? J Neurpsychiatr Clin
Neurosci 1993;5:361. |
| 42. |
Cho YW. Lithium-induced inhibition of Na-K ATPase and Ca ATPase
activities in rat brain synaptosome. J korean Med Sci 1995;10:7-13. |
| 43. |
Motohashi N, Shioe K, Kariya T. Mechanisms of action of
anticonvulsants in affective disorders: Comparison with Lithium. Lithium
1992;3:7-14. |
| 44. |
Emrich HM, Dose M, Wolf R. The action of mood-stabilizers in
affective disorders: an integrative view as a challenge.
Neupsychobiology 1993;27:158-62. |
| 45. |
Grunze H, Kammerer C, Ackenheil M. The neurobiology of bipolar
disorder. J Bipolar Disorder 1997;1:2-12. |
| 46. |
Calabrese JR. Antidepressant effects of lamotrigine in rapid
cycling bipolar disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1996;153:1236. |
| 47. |
Walden J, Hesslinger B, Van Calker D, Berger M. Addition of
lamotrigine to valproate may enhance efficacy in the teatmen of bipolar
affectiva disorder. Pharmacopsychiatry 1996;29(5):193-5. |
| 48. |
Post RM, Ketter TA, Denicoff K, Pazzaglia PJ, Leverich GS,
Marangell LB, et al. The place of anticonvulsant therapy in bipolar
illnes. Psychopharmacology 1996;128:115-29. |
| 49. |
Calabrese Jr, Bowden Ch, Woyshville MJ. Lithium and the
anticonvulsants in the treatment of bipolar disorder. En: Bloom FE,
Kupfer DJ. Psychopharmacology. The fourth generation of progress. New
York: Raven Press; 1995. p.1099-111. |
| 50. |
Almenar C. Eficacia y seguridad de los nuevos antiepilépticos
en psiquiatría. Psicofarmacología 1997;1:21-5. |
| 51. |
Vieta E, Gastó C. Avances en el tratamiento de los
trastornos bipolares: posibilidades terapeúticas de la
gabapentina. Av Psicofarmacol 1997,4: 40-6. |
| 52. |
Vieta E, Gastó C, Otero A, Vallejo J. Risperidone in the
treatment of rapid cycling bipolar disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol
1996;6:64-5. |
| 53. |
Ghaemi SN, Sachs GS, Baldassano CF. Management of bipolar disorder
with adjuntive risperidone: response to open treatment. En: New Research
Program and Abstrats of the 148th Annual Meeting of the
American Psychiatric Association, 1995. Abstrat NR82:77 |
| 54. |
Tohen M, Zárate CA, Centorrino F, Hegarty JI, Froeschl M,
Zarate SB. Risperidone in the treatment of mania. J Clin Psychiatry
1996;57:249-53. |
| 55. |
Mendelowitz AJ, Lieberman JA. New Findings in the use of atipical
antipsychotic drugs I: Focus on riperidone. J Clin Psychiatr
1995;2:1-12. |